Hornbeam and Beech - Bonsai EmpireWelcome to My World of Bonsai! MenuCreate a beech forest BonsaiBeech are highly appreciated for bonsai due to its characteristic white bark, beautiful foliage, winter hardness and easy training. There are several species of Japanese native beech. Japanese beech, Fagus crenata is the most commonly trained species for bonsai in Japan. The specimens close to Mount Fuji are especially valued due to its small thick foliage. The American beech, Fagus grandifolia, has a rather large fine foliage and often grows specimens collected for bonsai. The European Beech, Fagus sylvatica, is trained for bonsai in Europe and spectacular bonsai are created from thick and collected trees. In the European Beech of the United States, and its many cultivars are commonly used in the landscape for different colored foliages or unusual growth patterns. These cultivars are usually grafted into European beech seedlings, so they are a stock of very grown nurseries. The normal size of the European beech leaf is a little bigger than the Japanese beech. Although individual seedlings vary in size and leaf character, the European beech mostly has a thick leather foliage, which quickly reduces its size. The Whitish bark develops quickly in about six to ten years. A few weeks ago I received a babysitting offer for European beech seed seal transplants from one to two feet with low branching for hedges. The European beech is often used for coverage in Europe and old farms in the United States. The offer sounded great and 150 sample trees were ordered. They were destined for individual tree workshops for my next year's Bonsai Introductor course. Upon arrival, after inspection, the branching was not ideal for a single bonsai tree, but excellent for the forests. She was very excited about the shapes of the new plants and immediately created five European beech forests of different designs. Only some of the seed transplants were selected for a single bonsai trunk. Since I was working alone, I did not take the time to photograph the process of creating a forest bonsai. The five forests went great and have the possibility of becoming future fine bonsai, so I asked for another 100 seed transplants to make another forest with a friend photographing the creative process. The seedlings arrived last week, but I didn't have the opportunity to create the forest because I was preparing for my new MasterClass Classical Bonsai. Three of the four students arrived a day earlier to leave their bonsai and since my preparations were complete, I took the opportunity to create the beech forest in Europe, while I presented a private demonstration lesson for the three early arrival students. The first step in creating a forest, rock plantation or any bonsai is to prepare all the material ahead of time: trees, containers, wire, soil, tools and moss. I like oval containers for forest plantations because they have no hard corners to use aesthetically. The hollow containers are the best without prominent feet. A flat foot is better than the clouded feet to provide a solid visual anchor. Beech is a deciduo species and personally prefer an outer lip due to flat foliage. Although the non-glazed containers can be shown throughout the year, I have selected an old Japanese container from Tokoname from Suishoen Heikisui Kiln. This container has been used for several bonsai in my garden for the last 30 years and has history. When selecting the container I was thinking about the respect and came up another interesting article on the subject. Instead of taking time and space here the theme will be in a next blog post, or magazine article. After selecting the container, note that has been cleaned inside, but shows the antiquity, the drain screen is placed on the holes. Although almost everyone who grows bonsai takes the time to secure the drain screen on the holes to avoid the movement when filled with short copper wire parts, I don't. I have learned through decades of experience that it takes time to make and insert the wire and it is easier and cheaper for me to simply use a larger piece of drain screen on the holes. When I urinate my bonsai, usually most holes have copper wire to tie the tree in the pot. If they are carefully positioned, they will keep the drain screen moving. However, for this forest bonsai (most for demonstration purposes) in addition to using a greater part of the drain screen, I added small copper wire clips. Copper wire was used to hold the trees in the container, many of them. It is better to have too many cables than not enough, although the additional wire can always be added to secure stubborn trees that want to move. A small layer of thick lower soil was placed in the container, which deviates until later. The delivery box of the seed transplants opened out of where the sunlight was brilliant, a rarity in Rochester this year. Each group of ten trees was cut and each tree was studied. Once again, some specimens had proper forms for individual bonsai, while others were classified into large, medium and small sizes. They were classified by diameters of the trunk, not heights, because they can be easily cut or raised high, but the trunk thicknesses are more difficult to change. The classified seedlings were taken to the study and the rotten root. The long and heavy roots were cut immediately. Sometimes the seedlings will develop two root systems and the bottom is often eliminated. But, it is important to study all roots, sometimes higher roots are eliminated because the lower-level root system has a better distribution or finer roots. They are young deciduo seedlings that are vigorous, especially at this time of year. They don't need a large number of roots at this stage. Most of the higher growth will be shortened after positioning. One of the advantages of using young seedlings is that they can be placed closer than specimens in pots with a larger root system. Once again, after the root pruning, the trees were graduated and placed in three groups: large, medium and small. The basic design of a forest bonsai is created by the position of the largest trees. If a larger tree is not available, two trees can be planted together to appear as a large specimen or the tree can be planted a little higher in the container. After carefully placing the trees in the container, the soil was added around the roots to prevent the trunks from falling, remember, they do not have many roots. A small amount of water from a hand sprayer will add weight to the ground to help stabilize the trees. In addition, often two or more trees are tied together at the base of the trunks. And temporary wire is usually used in the upper sections of the trees to prevent trees from moving. Then additional medium-sized trees are used around the larger specimens that work towards the edge of the container. First position the trees for the movement of the similar trunk, taking into account any small branching that the trunks could have. Ideally the branches must be positioned to grow out of the forest, not inside. Normally do not taste the heights or remove the inner branch until after the forest is finished. Please note that the trunks were not connected at this time. If necessary, they can be wired or refined during the summer or even the best of next year. I have learned, in the difficult way, that if you only connect one or two trees, they will look so good that you continue and eventually wire all the trunks. So, either wiring all or none of the trunks right now. A distant vision design will be used for this forest bonsai due to all the lovely similar seedlings. The main tree is located towards the center of the composition and beauty of the bonsai is found with the delicate branch of the trees will develop. Finally the smaller trees are added to the group. I also looked through some of the European beech seedling packages we mailed for even smaller trees. This forest had four different sizes of seedlings to present a wider range of calibers and heights of the trunk. After enough trees were added to present a pleasant forest that were secured using copper wires inserted through drainage holes. I never counted the number of individual trees in this forest. The real number is not important because the normal human eye cannot easily count more than eight trees at the same time in a forest plantation. Basically, what I was aiming at is to have most of the largest trunks around the main tree on the right and position them closer than the other trees near the smaller trunks on the left. The wires run through the plantation and are tied with a wire plier, ensuring that both ends of the wire are twisted together at the same time. The ends are not cut to the end, as they are often useful to tie each other to gain additional support. The soil is added and placed carefully around the roots. The next wet green moss is applied in small pieces first around each base of the trunk. It is gently pressed on dry soil to ensure the positioning of the trunk. By doing this, each trunk adjusts again and can even be rotated for better viewing from the front. The whole moss is placed next to the other without lagoons to keep the trees in position. Once the moss has been planted completely, the trees are cut. First the height of forest bonsai is established, as well as the sides. Then all the other trees are cut to different heights, considering the heaviest trunks ideally should be higher than the thin trunks. When adjusting the heights of the tree, branches of inner growth are removed. Trees may still be slightly positioned at this stage of development. It is important to remember that when the plantation is completely planted it is only the beginning of its development for a future forest bonsai. After completing the plantation the wire at the bottom of the container is twisted to block the plants in the final positioning. They must not move. Small additional pieces of thin wire can be added to the tops of the trees to prevent them from moving. The plantation is watered from the top with water and Supertrive until cleared through the lower drainage holes. Then it is placed in a sunny area, out of the wind until new shoots grow. These are the identical techniques and theories I teach when I present educational programs around the world. My next Group Planning Seminar will be held on Saturday, 5 April 2014 in Rochester, New York. 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